Property taxes by state

What homeowners actually pay in every state, the effective rate that works out to, and when taxes fall due, which decides who credits whom at closing. Free to use and download, as long as you credit us.

Updated October 1, 2026Census Bureau data, 2024CC BY 4.0

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$3,211
what a typical U.S. homeowner pays a year
0.89%
the national effective rate: taxes paid as a share of home value
1.92%
the highest, in Illinois
0.27%
the lowest, in Hawaii

Across the country

The effective rate, or the dollars a typical owner pays a year. Point at a state for its numbers, and click it to keep them open and go to its calculators.

AL0.38%Alabama: 0.38% effective rate; $890 a year at the medianAK1.06%Alaska: 1.06% effective rate; $3,976 a year at the medianAZ0.43%Arizona: 0.43% effective rate; $1,828 a year at the medianAR0.52%Arkansas: 0.52% effective rate; $1,113 a year at the medianCA0.71%California: 0.71% effective rate; $5,369 a year at the medianCO0.49%Colorado: 0.49% effective rate; $2,828 a year at the medianCT1.66%Connecticut: 1.66% effective rate; $6,573 a year at the medianDE0.47%Delaware: 0.47% effective rate; $1,750 a year at the medianDC0.63%District of Columbia: 0.63% effective rate; $4,594 a year at the medianFL0.75%Florida: 0.75% effective rate; $2,993 a year at the medianGA0.74%Georgia: 0.74% effective rate; $2,554 a year at the medianHI0.27%Hawaii: 0.27% effective rate; $2,385 a year at the medianID0.43%Idaho: 0.43% effective rate; $1,912 a year at the medianIL1.92%Illinois: 1.92% effective rate; $5,399 a year at the medianIN0.74%Indiana: 0.74% effective rate; $1,798 a year at the medianIA1.29%Iowa: 1.29% effective rate; $2,937 a year at the medianKS1.25%Kansas: 1.25% effective rate; $2,983 a year at the medianKY0.71%Kentucky: 0.71% effective rate; $1,611 a year at the medianLA0.53%Louisiana: 0.53% effective rate; $1,187 a year at the medianME0.91%Maine: 0.91% effective rate; $3,103 a year at the medianMD0.95%Maryland: 0.95% effective rate; $4,144 a year at the medianMA1.00%Massachusetts: 1.00% effective rate; $6,080 a year at the medianMI1.18%Michigan: 1.18% effective rate; $2,988 a year at the medianMN1.02%Minnesota: 1.02% effective rate; $3,501 a year at the medianMS0.65%Mississippi: 0.65% effective rate; $1,221 a year at the medianMO0.79%Missouri: 0.79% effective rate; $2,021 a year at the medianMT0.69%Montana: 0.69% effective rate; $2,939 a year at the medianNE1.42%Nebraska: 1.42% effective rate; $3,739 a year at the medianNV0.47%Nevada: 0.47% effective rate; $2,143 a year at the medianNH1.46%New Hampshire: 1.46% effective rate; $6,707 a year at the medianNJ1.89%New Jersey: 1.89% effective rate; $9,358 a year at the medianNM0.63%New Mexico: 0.63% effective rate; $1,776 a year at the medianNY1.45%New York: 1.45% effective rate; $6,542 a year at the medianNC0.61%North Carolina: 0.61% effective rate; $2,044 a year at the medianND0.96%North Dakota: 0.96% effective rate; $2,550 a year at the medianOH1.22%Ohio: 1.22% effective rate; $2,937 a year at the medianOK0.75%Oklahoma: 0.75% effective rate; $1,672 a year at the medianOR0.78%Oregon: 0.78% effective rate; $3,895 a year at the medianPA1.16%Pennsylvania: 1.16% effective rate; $3,214 a year at the medianRI1.07%Rhode Island: 1.07% effective rate; $4,886 a year at the medianSC0.45%South Carolina: 0.45% effective rate; $1,337 a year at the medianSD1.02%South Dakota: 1.02% effective rate; $2,940 a year at the medianTN0.45%Tennessee: 0.45% effective rate; $1,488 a year at the medianTX1.31%Texas: 1.31% effective rate; $4,108 a year at the medianUT0.49%Utah: 0.49% effective rate; $2,648 a year at the medianVT1.42%Vermont: 1.42% effective rate; $5,026 a year at the medianVA0.71%Virginia: 0.71% effective rate; $2,872 a year at the medianWA0.79%Washington: 0.79% effective rate; $4,729 a year at the medianWV0.52%West Virginia: 0.52% effective rate; $881 a year at the medianWI1.25%Wisconsin: 1.25% effective rate; $3,680 a year at the medianWY0.57%Wyoming: 0.57% effective rate; $1,947 a year at the median

Medians of owner-occupied homes, U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2024. The effective rate is median taxes paid divided by median home value. Spot something out of date? Report a correction.

Highest and lowest

By effective rate

Highest

  1. Illinois1.92%
  2. New Jersey1.89%
  3. Connecticut1.66%
  4. New Hampshire1.46%
  5. New York1.45%

Lowest

  1. Hawaii0.27%
  2. Alabama0.38%
  3. Idaho0.43%
  4. Arizona0.43%
  5. South Carolina0.45%

By dollars paid a year

Most

  1. New Jersey$9,358
  2. New Hampshire$6,707
  3. Connecticut$6,573
  4. New York$6,542
  5. Massachusetts$6,080

Least

  1. West Virginia$881
  2. Alabama$890
  3. Arkansas$1,113
  4. Louisiana$1,187
  5. Mississippi$1,221

Paid after the year, or ahead

When a state’s taxes fall due decides which way the money moves at closing. Our calculators split the year by the closing date either way.

After the year: 30 states

Taxes are paid in arrears, so at closing they’re usually still owed for the seller’s part of the year, and the seller credits the buyer. Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia and Idaho and others.

Ahead: 9 states

Taxes are paid in advance, so the seller has usually paid for days after closing, and the buyer repays them. Delaware, Hawaii, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nevada, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania and Washington.

Depends on the county: 12

Counties set their own schedules: Alaska, California, Connecticut, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, Rhode Island, Vermont and Virginia. The title company will know the local practice.

Every state

Median taxes paid and home value for owner-occupied homes, the effective rate, that rate on a $400,000 home, and when taxes fall due. Each state’s name opens its seller net sheet.

How it was put together

The numbers

Median real estate taxes paid (U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2024 1-year estimates, table B25103) and median home value (table B25077) for owner-occupied homes in each state, from the Census Bureau’s 2024 one-year estimates. Nationally, that’s $3,211 on a $360,600 home.

The effective rate

Median taxes divided by median value. It compares states fairly, but it isn’t a legal rate: real bills depend on local rates, assessments and exemptions, and an owner who just bought may be assessed differently from a long-time owner.

On a $400,000 home

The effective rate applied to $400,000, to put the states side by side in dollars. It’s an illustration, not a quote; the county’s tax collector has the real figure for a property.

When taxes fall due

From each state’s statutes and revenue department, the same rules our calculators use to split the year at closing. Some states let counties choose, and those are marked.

Margins of error

Census figures are survey estimates. Each state’s margin of error for taxes paid (90% confidence) is beside it and in the downloads; it’s widest in the smallest states.

Corrections

If something looks wrong or out of date, email us with a source and we’ll check it.

Changelog

  • October 1, 2026First published: 50 states and DC, with the Census Bureau’s 2024 estimates.

Download and reuse it

Free under CC BY 4.0: copy it, share it and build on it, for any purpose, with credit to Broker & Agent Solutions and a link to this page. How to credit it, with credits to copy.

CSVOne row per state, 10 columns. Opens in any spreadsheet. JSONThe same rows, plus the national figures and the Census sources.

Suggested citation

Broker & Agent Solutions. “Property taxes by U.S. state, 2026.” Updated October 1, 2026. https://brokerandagent.com/research/property-taxes-by-state. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Based on U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2024 data.

What each column holds
state_code
Two-letter postal code
state
State name (the District of Columbia included)
median_taxes_paid
Median real estate taxes paid a year on owner-occupied homes, Census ACS 2024 1-year (B25103), in dollars
median_taxes_paid_moe
The Census Bureau’s margin of error for that figure (90% confidence)
median_home_value
Median value of owner-occupied homes, Census ACS 2024 1-year (B25077)
effective_rate_pct
Median taxes paid as a percent of median home value
tax_on_400k
That rate applied to a $400,000 home, in dollars a year (an illustration: actual bills depend on local rates, assessments and exemptions)
paid
When taxes usually fall due: in arrears (after the period they cover) or in advance
at_closing
Who usually credits whom for the year’s taxes at closing
last_checked
When the state’s tax timing was last checked against its sources
ResearchClosing costs by stateWhat sellers and buyers pay to close in every state. ResearchTransfer tax by stateEvery state’s rate, who pays and the tax on a typical home.

Use it on a real home: mortgage payment, closing costs or seller net sheet, with every state’s rules built in.

Questions about property taxes

Which state has the highest property taxes?

By effective rate, Illinois (1.92%), then New Jersey and Connecticut. By dollars paid, New Jersey homeowners pay the most, a median of $9,358 a year.

Which state has the lowest property taxes?

By effective rate, Hawaii (0.27%), then Alabama and Idaho. By dollars paid, West Virginia homeowners pay the least, a median of $881 a year.

What is an effective property tax rate?

The taxes owners actually pay as a share of what their homes are worth. Here it’s the median taxes paid divided by the median home value, from the same Census survey. It’s a fair way to compare states, but it isn’t any state’s legal rate: bills depend on local rates, how homes are assessed and the exemptions an owner gets.

How are property taxes split when you sell a house?

By the days each owner holds the home that tax year. Where taxes are paid after the year (in arrears), the seller credits the buyer for the seller’s days. Where they’re paid ahead, the buyer repays the seller for the days after closing. The seller net sheet and closing cost calculators work this out from the closing date.

Do property taxes go up when a home sells?

In many places they can. Some states reassess a home at its sale price, and owners can lose exemptions they had, like a homestead exemption. A buyer should look at what the new bill will be, not just the seller’s last one.

Where does this data come from?

The U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2024 1-year estimates, table B25103 for taxes paid and table B25077 for home values. Both are survey estimates with margins of error, which are in the download. When taxes fall due comes from each state’s statutes and revenue department, the same rules our calculators use.

Key terms on this page

Property taxProperty tax prorationAssessed valueMillage rateHomestead exemptionPaid in arrearsSpecial assessment
The real estate glossary

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